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Morpholine, C4H9NO, or written as O(CH2CH2)2NH. It is a strong base, mainly used as a solvent for dyes, resins, and waxes, and can also be used as an emulsifier. This heterocyclic compound is both amine and ether. The secondary amine nitrogen atom makes morpholine basic. Morpholine can react with hydrochloric acid to produce morpholine hydrochloride.
In the steam system of nuclear power plants and fossil fuels, Morpholine is used as an additive to adjust the pH. Morpholine is also used for corrosion protection of boiler water systems in chemical plants. Morpholine is used to prepare alumina catalysts. They are prepared in the form of gelling agents for the treatment of hydrocarbons.
Morpholine is often used in the synthesis of enamel. It is an important ingredient in the production of linezolid, which is an antibiotic used to treat Gram-positive bacterial infections. It is also used in the anti-cancer drug gefitinib (gefitinib). Morpholine is also used as analgesic glutamine. Morpholine salts, such as morpholine hydrochloride, are used as intermediates in organic synthesis.
Morpholine is a chemical emulsifier used to protect fruits. This is achieved through the process of waxing, applying a layer of wax to the fruit. This protective layer protects the fruit from insects and fungi. Ergosterol biosynthesis inhibitors are derivatives of morpholine and are used as fungicides in cereals. Morphine-based fungicides used on cereal crops include Amorin, Fenpromasol, and Sandimasol.
Morpholine is widely used as an intermediate in the rubber industry to produce DTOS, MDS, NOBS, and other rubber vulcanization accelerators. More than 50% of the demand for morpholine comes from rubber vulcanization accelerators, and about 30% of rubber vulcanization accelerators are used in NOBS.
Morpholine is used as a corrosion inhibitor for metals such as copper, iron, lead, zinc, and other metals. It is widely used in the fields of automobiles, mechanical instruments, medical equipment, etc. Morpholine is less toxic to the environment in the gas-liquid state than its predecessors, cyclohexylamine, and dicyclohexylamine nitrite.
Morpholine is used in the manufacture of paper, glass, soap, detergent, dyes, and synthetic fibers. Used to produce analytical reagents for nitrogen determination. Morpholine is also used in the pharmaceutical, leather, textile, home care, and ceramic industries.
Morpholine
Health hazards: Inhalation of the products vapor or mist strongly stimulates the mucous membrane of the respiratory tract, which can cause bronchitis, pneumonia, and pulmonary edema. Inhalation of high concentrations can be fatal. Vapors, mists, or liquids are highly irritating to the eyes, and severe cases can cause blindness. Skin contact can cause burns. Swallowing the liquid of this product can burn the digestive tract, swallowing a lot can be fatal.
Environmental hazards: harmful to the environment, and can cause pollution to water bodies, soil, and atmosphere.
Explosion hazard: This product is flammable and has strong irritation.
Store in a cool, ventilated warehouse. Keep away from fire and heat sources. The storage temperature should not exceed 30℃. Keep the container tightly closed. It should be stored separately from oxidants and acids, and avoid mixed storage. Do not store in large quantities or for long periods of time. Use explosion-proof lighting and ventilation facilities. It is forbidden to use mechanical equipment and tools that easily generate sparks. The storage area should be equipped with leakage emergency treatment equipment and suitable storage materials.
In recent years, drug discovery work has revealed many interesting morpholinyl compounds. When it comes to the synthesis of drugs and intermediates, there is still much to be explored. With the advancement of technology, morpholine will be more widely used in all walks of life.
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